计算机通信及网络远程控制技术的应用与可靠性探究

随着社会的进步和发展,计算机网络通信技术已被应用到实际生活、生产的各个方面,对人们的生活、生产等产生了深刻的影响。为此,文章就计算机通信及网络远程控制技术在实际生活中的应用问题进行了探究,旨在借助先进科技促进社会实现更优质发展。     

面粉厂车间楼定向倾倒爆破

该楼体为框架结构,是车间楼和办公楼的结合体,由于加工面粉设备流程的需要,该楼同时承受动荷载和静荷载。楼体按照伸缩缝分为3部分,每部分的结构不相同,同部分不同层结构也各异。在爆破过程中严格控制各种参数,并采取有效的减振与防护措施,使此爆破工程在安全和质量上都达到了预期效果。     

Comparative study of EICP treatment methods on the mechanical properties of sandy soil

This study analyzed the effect of different treatment methods in enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) on the mechanical properties of soil. Soybean crude urease was used to catalyze the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). A multiple-phase method was proposed and further compared with commonly practiced EICP treatment methods (including the one-phase method, two-phase method, and premix-and-compact method) from the aspects of chemical conversion efficiency, CaCO₃ precipitation distribution, permeability, and unconfined compressive strength. Based on the findings, the characteristics of each method were further discussed and summarized. Although the enzymatic CaCO₃ precipitation generated from all the treatment methods could potentiate the soil strength to a great or less degree, using the proposed multiple-phase method could bring about a high chemical conversion efficiency, uniform distribution of CaCO₃ as well as preferable permeability retention. In addition, the multiple-phase method could significantly improve the efficiency of urease usage.     

Evaluation of back-calculated elastic moduli of unreinforced and geocell-reinforced unbound granular material from full-scale field tests

This paper presents a field-scale experimental track over a poor subgrade with an unreinforced section and a geocell-reinforced section subjected to in-situ performance tests. Plate load tests and Benkelman beam tests were carried out distributed in several unreinforced and reinforced layers. The objective was to: (1) examine the variability of the elastic modulus of unbound granular material (UGM) due the influence of its thickness and the presence of poor subgrade in its base, (2) evaluate the modulus improvement factor (MIF) generated by the geocell reinforcement in the UGM and (3) verify the most appropriate condition to apply the MIF to transport infrastructure design. The results showed that there is a significant influence of the thickness of the UGM layer on its elastic modulus when the layer is supported directly over a soft subgrade. The MIF values obtained in field suggest that its determination is mostly related to the UGM maximum elastic modulus rather than its decreased values (by virtue of poor subgrade or reduced thicknesses), and that the analytical formulation presented for MIF calculation has good predictive capability to be applied to pavement design.     

食用槟榔货架期内品质控制研究

目的：探究食用槟榔返卤返白的原因。方法：主要通过搜集2000—2020年涉及食用槟榔卤水专利，以及相关工厂案例进行研究与分析。结果：在食用槟榔卤水的制备过程中原料的粒径大小、环境温度与湿度的高低、样品中水分含量及设备的自动化程度均可能造成食用槟榔返卤返白。结论：加工槟榔时应采取以严格控制水分、复配添加剂使用为主，工艺包装调整为辅,给予低温贮藏市售环境的方法，抑制返卤返白的产生。     

斑衣蜡蝉在葡萄上的危害及防治措施

斑衣蜡蝉是一种危害多种林木和果树的重要刺吸性害虫,主要分布于中国、日本、越南、韩国、印度和美国等地。该虫在经济林木中最喜危害葡萄,目前在宁夏地区随着转换寄主,现已扩散到了部分葡萄园,成为贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄的重要虫害之一。为全面了解其研究进展,本文概述了国内外关于斑衣蜡蝉的寄主植物、形态特征、危害状况、发生规律、生活习性、诱发因素及防治措施等研究现状,以期为防治该虫,寻求进一步研究方向及探讨新的防治途径提供帮助。     

Multidirectional focus measure for accurate three-dimensional shape recovery of microscopic objects

Shape from focus (SFF) is a technique to recover the shape of an object from multiple images taken at various focus settings. Most of conventional SFF techniques compute focus value of a pixel by applying one of focus measure operators on neighboring pixels on the same image frame. However, in the optics with limited depth of field, neighboring pixels of an image have different degree of focus for curved objects, thus the computed focus value does not reflect the accurate focus level of the pixel. Ideally, an accurate focus value of a pixel needs to be measured from the neighboring pixels lying on tangential plane of the pixel in image space. In this article, a tangential plane on each pixel location (i, j) in image sensor is searched by selecting one of five candidate planes based on the assumption that the maximum variance of focus values along the optical axis is achieved from the neighborhood lying on tangential plane of the pixel (i, j). Then, a focus measure operator is applied on neighboring pixels lying on the searched plane. The experimental results on both the synthetic and real microscopic objects show the proposed method produces more accurate three-dimensional shape in comparison to conventional SFF method that applies focus measures on original image planes.     

分析铁路改良粉细砂填料应用性能试验

在设计铁路路基的填料时,最常出现的是在进行铁路建设的地方就地取材。在以粉细砂为主的地区通常会选择用粉细砂作为铁路的填料,在所有的填料中,粉细砂填料属于C组类型填料,但是因为两个方面的原因需要对其进行一定的改良,一方面是因为粉细砂的粒径比较单一、级配不好,K30不能够满足规范标准的要求;另一方面则是因为大型机械不能够进行施工。本文通过掺入不同体积A、B组砾砂填料到粉细砂填料中进行试验,结果显示这种操作可以在不同程度上提高K30的值,从而在达到相关设计要求的同时解决施工方面的难题。     

极限工况下的管网“互联互通”改进方案

在全国天然气管道“主干互联、区域成网”(以下简称“互联互通”)基础格局逐渐形成的背景下,天然气管网规模日益扩大、管道分支和气源增加,并且分布不集中、输送方向可变,使得输气方案更加灵活,可以更好地解决某些地域的供气紧张问题;但受现有站场和设备的限制,暂不能满足某些多线组合极限工况,使得“互联互通”的初衷难以全部实现。为了使得现有的各输气干线在实现“互联互通”之后可以满足更多的多线组合工况,在分析“互联互通”背景下M管网工况变化的基础上,研发了可以进行水力仿真和压气站方案制订的计算软件,并对3种极限工况下的不同输气量情况进行了可行性试算,进而基于试算结果提出了相应的管网改进建议。研究结果表明:(1)经验证,软件计算误差满足要求;(2)在M管道某处增设压气站或在某些输气站场配置压缩机组;(3) M管网改进调整后,可以完成大部分的多线组合极限工况,真正实现“互联互通”的输气方案。结论认为,该研究成果有助于推进全国天然气管网早日实现“互联互通”。     

基于传统清管球接收器的滤杂防堵工艺设计

清管球回收操作过程中,清管球接收器的泄压、排液和惰化导致泥、砂、垢等杂质积聚在清管球接收器中,并随油气物流进入闭排系统管线,造成杂质流失、闭排系统管线堵塞和压力无法完全释放,影响对海底油气管道腐蚀、析蜡、结垢及地层出砂等情况的判断,存在很大的安全隐患。通过对清管球接收器实施工艺改造,使清管球接收器具备滤杂防堵功能和自动取样功能,有效解决了闭排管线堵塞、杂质流失和安全隐患问题。该工艺研究对于海上油气田海底管线的运营和维护具有较高的借鉴意义。